Gisela G. Oropeza-Rodríguez, Unidad de Fisiología Anorrectal del Servicio de Coloproctología, Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Ciudad de México, México
Juan A. Villanueva-Herrero, Unidad de Fisiología Anorrectal, Servicio de Coloproctología, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Ciudad de México, México
Raúl Bautista-Cruz, Departamento de Cirugía General, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad Dr. Gustavo A. Rovirosa, Villahermosa, Tab., México
Diego Bedolla-Rosiles, Departamento de Cirugía General, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad Dr. Gustavo A. Rovirosa, Villahermosa, Tab., México
Eduardo Alvarado-Tamez, Unidad de Fisiología Anorrectal del Servicio de Coloproctología, Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Ciudad de México, México
Jeziel K. Ordóñez-Juárez, Unidad de Fisiología Anorrectal del Servicio de Coloproctología, Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Ciudad de México, México
Paul E. Solís-Hidalgo, Unidad de Fisiología Anorrectal, Servicio de Coloproctología, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Ciudad de México, México
Alfonso G. Calvillo-Briones, Unidad de Coloproctología, Clínica privada Proctocare, Torreón, Coah., México
Carlos A. López-Bernal, Unidad de Fisiología Anorrectal, Servicio de Coloproctología, Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, Ciudad de México, México
Objective: To determine the association between clinical, biochemical, and surgical indicators and the development of postoperative complications in patients with colon trauma. Methods: A retrospective, observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study was conducted in 47 patients who underwent exploratory laparotomy for colon trauma at a high-specialty hospital over a 24-month period. Demographic, clinical, biochemical, and intraoperative variables were analyzed, including mechanism of injury, operative findings, trauma severity scores, and type of colonic repair. Outcomes assessed were surgical site infection, anastomotic dehiscence, evisceration, intra-abdominal abscess, stoma-related complications, and open abdomen management. Statistical analysis included odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals and the Mann-Whitney U test, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Most patients were male (78.7%), with a mean age of 35.4 ± 14.87 years. The overall complication rate was 55.3%, with surgical site infection being the most common event. Significant associations were identified with hospital stay > 10 days, firearm-related trauma, Injury Severity Score > 25, generalized and fecal peritonitis, septic shock on admission, intensive care requirement, and initial colostomy. Both the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) and CIS-Flint scores showed direct correlation with complication rates. Conclusions: Fecal peritonitis and initial colostomy were major predictors of postoperative complications in colon trauma.
Keywords: Abdominal trauma. Colostomy. Diagnostic laparotomy. Gunshot wound. Colon injury.